SECTION I - KINESIOLOGY / RESEARCH PAPER
Effect of Increasing the Foot Area on the Load-Velocity Relationship of the Underwater Dolphin Kick
1
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
2
College of Physical Education and Health, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2023-09-30
Final revision date: 2023-12-19
Acceptance date: 2024-06-07
Online publication date: 2024-12-06
Corresponding author
Yupeng Shen
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, China
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, China
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Sport BiomechanicsSports TrainingPeak PerformanceSports Prediction and ModellingSport Performance Analysis
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of augmenting the foot area (by wearing fins) on the load-velocity relationship of the underwater dolphin kick (UDK) and to investigate the optimal loading zone of resistance training for the UDK. Seventeen swimmers underwent a semi-tethered swimming test and a 15-m maximum swim velocity test, both with and without fins (FINS and WF, respectively). The study revealed that the UDK's load-velocity relationship, when using semi-tethered swimming, displayed a robust linear correlation (R2 = 0.88 ± 0.15). The FINS condition enhanced the optimization of the load-velocity relationship, resulting in a substantial rightward shift (R2, AIC, BIC optimized by 15%–65%) and elevating the UDK velocity by 10%–22% across seven load levels. The effective load level rose from 57 N to 69 N (R = 0.70–0.85, p < 0.05); however, the FINS condition altered the original UDK technique, leading to a 7% decrease in the stroke rate (SR) and a 19% increase in stroke length (SL). Consequently, wearing fins modified the load-velocity relationship of the UDK and augmented the power output level. We recommend that athletes use semi-traction swimming to improve UDK performance with a maximum load of no more than 57 N or a velocity of no less than 73% of maximum velocity; wearing fins allows this range to be extended to 69 N and 71% of maximum velocity.
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